Persistent Symptoms Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Young People: A Meta-Analysis of Controlled and Uncontrolled Studies

Background: Data on the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young people (CYP) is conflicting. We assessed evidence post-COVID symptoms CYP examining prevalence, risk factors, type duration. Methods: Systematic search published unpublished literature using 13 online databases between 01/12/2019 – 31/07/2021. Eligible studies reported ?19 years with confirmed or probable any persisting beyond acute illness. Random effects meta-analyses examined pooled difference symptom prevalence (controlled only) (uncontrolled also included). Meta-regression study characteristics hypothesised to be associated prevalence. Prospectively registered: CRD42021233153. Findings: Twenty two 3357 unique were eligible, including 23,141 CYP. Median duration follow-up was 125 days (IQR 99-231).Pooled cases compared controls (5 studies) significantly higher for cognitive difficulties (3% (95% CI 1, 4)), headache (5% (1, 8)), loss smell (8%, (2, 15)), sore throat (2% 2)) eyes 3)) but not abdominal pain, cough, fatigue, myalgia, insomnia, diarrhoea, fever, dizziness dyspnoea.Pooled participants 17 ranged from 15% (diarrhoea) 47% (fatigue). Age all except cough. Higher quality lower symptoms, symptoms. Interpretation: The frequency majority persistent similar positive controls. This systematic review meta-analysis highlights critical importance a control group post infection. Funding: None declare. Declaration Interest: SAB, RS, SDB, AXDZ, LLO, SNL, BLDS, RMV OVS have no conflicts interest. TJS Chair Health Research Authority England who reimburse his university time. He paid personally. has recused himself research which he personally involved require ethical approval HRA.